Russian and English syllabary and phonemes

Original website: https://web.archive.org/web/20160323012451/http://youareapuppet.com/mw/index.php?title=Main_Page

Online Russian dictionary

easypronunciation.com:

1) splits up Russian words into syllables,

2) shows where the stress is in each Russian word,

3) shows how to pronounce each word using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).

• Syllabary - an alphabet in which each character represents a complete syllable
• Phoneme - the smallest unit of speech that can be used to make one word different from another word

International Phonetic Alphabet

• WIKIPEDIA: International Phonetic Alphabet

• • official site: International Phonetic Alphabet

Russian syllabary

• WIKIPEDIA: Russian phonology
• Russian Wikipedia on Russian syllabary

English syllabary and phonemes

• How many syllables does English have? 15831 syllable candidates.

• • Phonemic transcriptions of over 250,000 English words
  • Of the 11,500 or so possible, only about 2,700 are used.[1]

• The Number of Phonemes in English - Counting the number of phonemes is like counting the number of colors in a rainbow.
• Is there a list of syllables contained in US English?

Keyword method

Websites

Online study:

• An Investigation into the effectiveness of the keyword method for a group of Japanese ESL

Google search:

• Mnemonics for Study
  • search for Masterrussian.com: Proper, Vodka, Nickel (Keyword method)

Teach2.us: Russian Vocab

Books

Cognition: Theories and Application

Mnemonics and study tips for medical students other books DK Visual Russian-English

syllabary languages

The Cherokee language is written in a syllabary, a kind of alphabet in which each character represents a complete syllable. In English, each character (or letter) usually represents a single phoneme, or sound. The English language has far too many syllables (tens of thousands!) for an English syllabary to be useful, but the Cherokee syllabary is a practical way of writing down the spoken Cherokee language.

Morphemes

People usually think of words as the smallest unit of language, but there are even smaller pieces of words called morphemes. Morphemes are the smallest parts of words that convey meaning. Many words contain more than one morpheme.

Let’s use an example word, unsuccessful, to analyze the meaning of the term morpheme. Unsuccessful has three component morphemes: the first one, un, gives the negative meaning; the last one, ful, explains there is plenty and indicates the word is in the form of an adjective. The middle morpheme, success, gives the primary meaning of the word. In this example, un is a prefix, a type of morpheme that must be affixed before another unit. Suffixes, such as ful, must be after another unit. Success is the root morpheme. It carries the basic meaning of our word unsuccessful.

Word meaning can also be changed by inflectional morphemes. Consider how meaning changes when s is added to dog. It becomes plural: dogs. How does meaning change when we add ’s to dog? It shows possession: the dog’s tail. How does meaning change when s is added to ask? It becomes asks and is used to form the third person singular in the present tense: The student asks an important question. These changes are examples of how inflectional morphemes contribute meaning.

General

• Omniglot: The online encyclopedia of writing systems and languages: Syllabaries